Science 8 Exam #1
Review
January 3, 2008
General Concepts
- Concept of an atom
- What is the origin of the word? What
is an atom? How big are atoms?
- Hierarchy of Biological Organization
- Understand general information about
the three subatomic particles: protons (+), neutrons, and electrons (-).
- What does the atomic number tell you
about the atom?
- What does atomic mass (a.m.u.) tell
you about the atom?
- What are isotopes? Explain the term half-life, How
is C-14 used to date wooly mammoths?
- What are ions?
- How are elements arranged in the
Periodic Table?
- How are elements in
a group or family related? Valency
- How are elements in
the same period (1-7) related?
- What is alchemy and why is it
important in understanding elements?
- How do atoms interact?
- Electrons
provide the "glue" in the bonding of atoms into compounds.
- What is the octet rule and why don't
elements in group 8 (Noble gases) bond with other elements?
- Protons in the nucleus are never
transferred or exchanged.
- How did Ernest Rutherford's
experiments help us understand atoms?
- Chemical symbols, chemical formula,
chemical equations
- Structural formula vs. chemical
formula
- Understand the general classification
of chemical reactions: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement,
double replacement.
- Redox reactions, discussions and
demonstrations (oilrig)
- A general understanding of the
electromagnetic spectrum particularly visible light waves, wavelengths and
frequency
- How might the color of a red apple
appear under 35 feet of seawater?
- Outside reading: (1.)The Atomic Nature of Matter, (2.) The History of Scientific
Understanding of Atmosphere and Global Warming
Calculations
- Be able to calculate molecular
weights, moles, and molar concentrations.
- How can you find the average number of
neutrons in a given element?
- Know how to balance chemical equations
- What is Avogadro's Number and what
does it tell you?
- Metric units of length, kilometer 1x103 m to femtometers 1x10-15 m
Lab Studies
- Using the conductivity probe to
measure seawater salinity
- Alchemy demonstration lab (turning
pennies into "silver" and "gold")
- Finding and Unknown Concentration of
Iron Sulfate using Beer's Law
- The Reaction of NaCl and AgNO3
- Demonstration: The reaction between
PbNO3 and KI
- Titration technique, the pH Scale
- Heat of Combustion of Magnesium
- Energy content of Fuels
- Synthesis and Electrolysis of ZnI2
- The Relationship between Temperature
and Light